This chapter offers a set of seven principles to guide the design and use of learning-focused assessments, that is, educational tests and assessments intended to support student learning. In the Handbook volumes, the principles were intended to assist chapter authors in considering these common elements in their contributions. In fact, some authors have chosen to include their own rendition of recommended principles. However, this brief chapter enumerates the principles developed by the participants of the Gordon Seminar. The principles are followed by a general rationale to support their inclusion as core components of an integrated design framework for assessments and concomitant learning and instruction. The seven principles are: (1) Assessment transparency; (2) Assessment focus and purpose; (3) Assessment support of learning processes (including attention, motivation, engagement, effort, and metacognition); (4) Assessment modeling of expectations and desired learning over time; (5) ssessment-linked instructional support including feedback; (6) Assessment equity with attention to learner variation; and (7) Assessment quality and validity involving the development of evidence to assure the value of assessment and learning to the learner and teacher.